(Food-Beverage-News.Com, August 22, 2013 ) Ontario, Canada -- New research published in the journal Evolution and Human Behavior, online edition, suggest that non-competitive, group, physical activities produce more testosterone in men than competitive activities. The study was conducted by Ben Trumble and Michael Gurven from UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California. The two anthropologists observed and tested an isolated group of forager-farmers, in central Bolivia, involved in everyday physical activities such as chopping down trees, farming and food production. The research has produced valuable information about how industrialization may influence health and wellness. These activities stimulated greater increases in testosterone than directly competitive activity such as playing soccer.
Testosterone levels, according to the study results, are related to the availability of food energy. The stimulus that activates the enhancement of testosterone lies at the intersection of the environment, behavior and hormones. "With the Tsimane, we see an environment that is more like that in which humans evolved, and for which our systems are calibrated," Trumble said. Testosterone levels drop as much as 10 percent when men skip a single meal. They decrease to castrate levels after Fasting for two days. Trumble says, "The same is true for infection. An infection from a pathogen or parasite -- even injuries, burns or surgery -- all cause an immediate decrease in testosterone." Food energy is the underlying factor to any number of critical bodily processes.
Food energy maintains proper immune function and builds muscle mass; the body has to choose between them when food energy is limited. “For populations in industrialized countries like the United States, there isn't much of a trade off," Trumble says. "I can go to the grocery store and gather 20,000 calories in 10 minutes without breaking a sweat. I don't have to worry about a deficit." The trade off is much greater for a group such as the Tsimane. They use a lot more food energy and have to fish for, hunt or grow the calories they consume. They are also more exposed to pathogens and parasites that cause sickness and infection.
The research team collected saliva specimens from Tsimane men before and after both an hour of tree chopping and an hour of soccer. "With soccer, we saw a 30.1 percent increase in testosterone. With chopping, we saw a 46.8 percent increase. It was significantly greater," Trumble concluded.
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